Where does America's grid have room?

Existing fossil plants are retiring on a published schedule, near transmission and pipeline infrastructure that's already built. This site maps those plants, scores them on transmission proximity, gas access, site size, and recent utilization, and adds public data on queues, retirements, and grid fuel mix.

Start with the atlas. Or read in order — each chapter covers one topic.

Chapter 1 · the atlas · plants retiring 2024–2030 · ranked by readiness

The co-location atlas

Every retiring U.S. fossil plant ≥ 100 MW, sortable by distance to high-voltage transmission, distance to interstate gas, site size, and recent capacity factor. The detail card breaks down the readiness score by component.

Median distance to a ≥230 kV substation across these plants: … mi.

Chapter 2 · GW scheduled · 2026 → 2035

The retirement schedule

Slide through the next decade and see which counties lose the most generating capacity each year. Click a county to read off the specific plants. The atlas above is today's snapshot; this is the full schedule.

Retirements are concentrated in a few years and a handful of counties. This page breaks out the detail that national totals obscure.

Chapter 3 · 120 monthly snapshots · 2016 → today

Headroom time machine

Replay ten years of EIA-860M filings, county by county, and watch where fossil capacity is scheduled to retire — the earliest public signal that a site's grid connection might later be reusable. New filings show up as they're published in each monthly archive.

A 120-month time series of county-level retirement filings, built from every EIA-860M monthly archive since 2016.

Chapter 4 · 30,000 projects · LBNL Queued Up

Queue reality check

How many interconnection requests actually get built? Withdrawal rates, median time-to-COD, and resource-mix funnels for every region. Based on LBNL's Queued Up data, split across nine regions.

About 1.8 TW sits in U.S. interconnection queues, but historically most of those projects never reach commercial operation.

Chapter 5 · hourly fuel mix · 9 balancing authorities

What's on the wire

The fuel mix on each major U.S. grid varies hour by hour. A 24-hour clock of the typical fuel mix on nine balancing authorities, showing the diurnal pattern that annual averages smooth over.

Hourly fuel-mix data from EIA-930, broken down by balancing authority and season.

About the data. This site combines several open federal datasets: (a) a 120-month time series of county-level interconnect headroom, built by replaying every EIA-860M monthly archive back to 2016 (Chapter 3); (b) a four-component readiness score that joins each retiring ≥100 MW fossil plant to HIFLD transmission and pipeline data, with the weights and formula published (Chapter 1, methodology). The remaining chapters visualize LBNL queue data, EIA-930 hourly generation, and the EIA-860 retirement schedule.  Every data file powering the charts is bundled with the site.
Why this exists. This is a personal project — my way of forcing myself to dig into the public U.S. energy data by actually building something with it. I'm not an energy professional; some of the analysis here is certainly naive. But the data is public, the pipeline is reproducible, and the exercise taught me more than reading about it would have. More on the motivation and process.